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Young adults, particularly women, who engage in moderate to vigorous activity
daily, gain significantly less weight when they reach middle age.

This is the conclusion of a study conducted by Northwestern University
researchers to evaluate the relationship between maintaining higher activity levels
and changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in young adults
over time.

The study included 3,554 men and women aged 18 to 30 at the beginning of the
study in 1985.

Seven times during the 20-year study, the participants were administered
questionnaires, which asked about participation in 13 specific moderate- and
vigorous-intensity activities, including sports, exercise, home maintenance, and
occupational activities.

The researchers found that those who maintained high levels of moderate and
vigorous activity over the 20-year study experienced smaller gains in weight and
waist circumference during the transition from young adulthood to middle age,
compared to individuals with lower activity levels.

Men in the high-activity group gained 2.6 fewer kilograms and 3.1 fewer
centimeters than men in the lower-activity group.

Women scored even higher, gaining 6.1 fewer kilograms and 3.8 fewer
centimeters than their low-activity counterparts in the lower-activity group.

The authors said that weight gains in participants with moderate or inconsistent
activity levels generally were not different from the low-activity group.

“Importantly, women seemed to benefit the most from maintaining higher activity;
the magnitude of weight change was more than twice as large among women
compared with men," they said.

Similarly, the researchers noted that participants who maintained the Health and
Human Services-recommended 150 minutes of moderate activity per week
gained significantly less weight compared with participants who did not.

“These results suggest that maintaining higher activity levels during young
adulthood may lessen weight gain as young adults transition to middle age,” the
researchers write.

They said the results reinforce the role of physical activity in minimizing weight
gain and highlight the value of incorporating and maintaining at least 30 minutes
of activity into daily life throughout young adulthood.

The study is significant considering the fact that data supporting physical activity
guidelines to prevent long-term weight gain are sparse, particularly during the
period when the highest risk of weight gain occurs.

The study appears in the Dec 14 issue of the
Journal of the American Medical
Association.
Study Says Staying Active Keeps Off Weight Gain
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